| Helsinki University of Technology |
| Teaching assistant |
1968 - 1972 |
| |
Kainuun Valo Oy
(rural electricity distribution company) |
| Planning engineer |
1972 - 1975 |
| |
| Oulun Kaupungin Sähkölaitos (urban utility) |
| Head of operation department |
1975 - 1976 |
| |
| Tampere University of Technology |
| Associate Professor |
1976 - 1986 |
| |
| Tampere University of Technology |
| Professor |
1986 - 1997 |
| |
| Sähköyhtiö Megavoima Oy |
| (private electricity distribution company) |
| Head of engineering department |
1993 |
| |
| Helsinki University of Technology |
| Professor |
1997 - 2001 |
| |
|
| Helsinki University of Technology |
2001 - 2008 |
| Professor (part time) |
|
| |
|
| Evaluation Workshop (Arviopaja) |
2002 - |
| Evaluator and owner (part time) |
|